Dislocation Knee Surgery

What is Knee Dislocation?

Knee dislocation in children occurs when the bones that form the knee joint (femur, tibia, and patella) are forcibly moved out of alignment, often due to trauma or a congenital condition. While rare, it is a serious injury that can damage ligaments, blood vessels, or nerves if not treated promptly.

In some children, especially those with ligamentous laxity or neuromuscular disorders, the patella (kneecap) may dislocate frequently, causing pain and instability.

Key Facts About Pediatric Knee Dislocation

• Can be traumatic (due to injury) or congenital
• More common in active children, athletes, or those with joint hypermobility
• Patellar dislocation is the most frequent type in children
• May lead to recurrent instability and difficulty walking if untreated
• Requires surgical correction in moderate to severe or recurrent cases

Causes of Knee Dislocation

1. Traumatic Knee Dislocation

• Falls, accidents, or high-impact sports injuries
• Damage to ligaments (ACL, PCL, MCL, LCL)

2. Patellar (Kneecap) Dislocation

• Shallow groove in the femur
• Generalized ligament laxity
• Muscle imbalance around the knee
• Sudden twist or direct blow to the knee

3. Congenital Dislocation of the Knee (CDK)

• Present at birth
• Often associated with conditions like arthrogryposis or spina bifida
• Involves shortened or contracted soft tissues

Symptoms and Consequences

Common Signs:

• Visible deformity or abnormal knee position
• Swelling and intense pain
• Inability to walk or bear weight
• Feeling of the knee “giving way” or instability
• Repeated dislocation episodes in chronic cases

Untreated or Improperly Managed Dislocation Can Lead To:

• Joint stiffness and loss of motion
• Ligament tears or cartilage damage
• Early onset arthritis
• Permanent disability in severe congenital cases

Dislocation Knee Surgery at Child OrthoCare

Under the care of Dr. Nargesh Agrawal, Child OrthoCare offers specialized surgical solutions for all types of pediatric knee dislocations using the latest, child-friendly techniques.

1. Diagnosis and Evaluation:

• Physical examination and instability tests
• X-rays, MRI, or CT scan for ligament and bone assessment
• Evaluation of associated conditions (neuromuscular or congenital)

2. Treatment Options:

A. Non-Surgical (First-Time or Mild Dislocation):

• Knee immobilization with braces
• Physiotherapy to strengthen quadriceps and stabilize the knee
• Activity modification and regular monitoring

B. Surgical Treatment (Recurrent or Severe Dislocations):

Medial Patellofemoral Ligament (MPFL) Reconstruction

Tibial Tubercle Transfer (TTT) for alignment correction

• Lateral Release for tight soft tissues
• Open Reduction and Soft Tissue Lengthening for congenital dislocation
• Customized post-op rehabilitation to restore full function

3. Post-Surgical Rehabilitation:

• Early physiotherapy to regain motion and strength
• Gradual return to walking, running, and sports
• Regular follow-up to monitor healing and growth

Did You Know?

• Patellar dislocation is more common in teen girls due to anatomical factors
• Most congenital dislocations require early surgery for best results
• Recurrence is significantly reduced after proper surgical stabilization
• Children recover faster than adults and usually return to full activity with proper care

Myths and Facts About Knee Dislocation

Myth: Bracing alone can cure all dislocations.
Fact: Recurrent or severe dislocations often require surgery to prevent long-term problems.

Myth: Only athletes get dislocated knees.
Fact: It can occur in any child due to congenital issues or minor trauma.

Myth: Knee surgery is too risky for kids.
Fact: Pediatric knee surgeries are safe and effective with high success rates when performed by specialists.

Myth: After surgery, children cannot play sports.
Fact: Most children return to full activity after recovery and rehab.